F2.10 - Subglacial lakes

Radar image of Lake Vostok ~4 km below the icesheet surface, East Antarctica

© Goddard Space Flight Center / NASA, public domain

View on IUCN Global Ecosystem Typology

Description

These hidden lakes exist beneath permanent ice sheets, sometimes tens to thousands of metres below, mostly in Antarctica and Greenland. Bacteria and other microbes are the only forms of life, but there is a surprising diversity of them. Productivity is very low in the dark and freezing conditions, with species relying on metabolism of chemicals such as methane, iron and sulphur to support the simple foodweb.